Land consolidation as a policy instrument in agriculture – procedural aspects and sources of delays
 
 
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1
Department of Agricultural Surveying, Cadastre and Photogrammetry, University of Agriculture in Krakow
 
2
Department of Integrated Geodesy and Cartography, AGH University of Krakow
 
 
Submission date: 2025-07-30
 
 
Final revision date: 2025-08-27
 
 
Acceptance date: 2025-09-01
 
 
Publication date: 2025-11-04
 
 
Corresponding author
Robert Szewczyk   

The Department of Agricultural Surveying, Cadastre and Photogrammetry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka, 30-198, Kraków, Poland
 
 
Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape 2025;(3)
 
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ABSTRACT
Land consolidation is one of the basic processes enabling the shaping and improvement of agricultural land structure. This process is in most cases implemented using State Treasury funds and public resources. Its execution requires an approval decision for the consolidation project. This decision, being an administrative ruling, may be appealed by any party to the proceedings and subsequently challenged in administrative courts. This procedure may lead to protracted proceedings and, consequently, multi-year periods that prevent rational land management and effective exercise of property rights. The article analyses the consolidation process, identifying potential bottlenecks causing delays, with supporting examples from ongoing consolidation proceedings. The land consolidation process in Poland faces significant challenges related to time-consuming procedures and rigid funding frameworks. Current regulations allow for multiple appeals, which are sometimes exploited by claimants blocking entire proceedings. Cases like Lipnica Wielka demonstrate that procedures can drag on for years, restricting owners’ rights. Legal reforms modelled on special-purpose legislation (such as for infrastructure or flood protection) are necessary to separate compensation disputes into separate proceedings and limit procedural abuses. Introducing merit-based requirements for appeals and owner education could accelerate consolidation processes while ensuring economic benefits and better rural land management. The current land consolidation system, though essential for rural development, remains inefficient due to excessive bureaucracy and lack of safeguards against abuse. Urgent legal amendments inspired by special legislative measures are required to ensure procedural efficiency and fairness.
ISSN:2300-1496
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