The development of railway sector around the world has always been a vital issue, as it plays important social, financial and economical role and influences the development of the country a lot. Because of constant growth and modernizing of the railway sector all processes and items of land and property fund have to be monitored. On the basis of the world experience, trends in the development of methods and technologies of area mapping it has been established that for the inventory of land and property fund objects cartographic material at 1 : 500 or 1 : 1000 scales suits the most. With the large amounts of work (for example area of mapping and number of railroad objects) it is reasonable to use digital aerial photography and technology of digital data processing, in particular methods of digital photogrammetry. In order to increase the accuracy of creating the cartographic component, the authors suggest, when choosing the parameters of aerial photography, taking into account spatial resolution of camera system, its geometrical properties, the influence of external factors and first of all the atmospheric refraction. It has been proved that by highly precise aerial photography the accuracy of fixation of angular elements of camera orientation with the help of Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) may be insufficient. Therefore it is recommended to thicken core network using block phototriangulation. This paper presents the description and results of experimental work, which helped to create cartographic material from digital images at 1 : 3000 scale with an accuracy of 4–5 cm, which fully meets the requirements for holding inventory, monitoring, maintenance, design and construction.