Environmental valorisation through GIS and photogrammetry: a framework for sustainable land use in southern Poland
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Department of Agricultural Surveying, Cadastre and Photogrammetry, University of Agriculture in Krakow
Submission date: 2025-08-04
Final revision date: 2025-09-07
Acceptance date: 2025-09-08
Publication date: 2025-11-14
Corresponding author
Izabela Piech
Katedra Geodezji Rolnej, Katastru i Fotogrametrii, Uniwersytet Rolniczy w Krakowie, Balicka 253a, 30-198, Kraków, Poland
Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape 2025;(3)
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ABSTRACT
Environmental valorisation plays a crucial role in comprehensive understanding and effective man agement of the complex interactions between natural and anthropogenic landscape components a. It is particularly relevent in areas characterized by varied topography, rich ecological diversity, and increasing human pressure, such as the Limanowa region in southern Poland. The study presented here utilized Geographic Information System (GIS) tools in combination with high-resolution aerial photogrammetry to conduct a detailed environmental assessment of this mountainous area. By focusing on key environmental parameters, including vegetation cover, hydrological networks, and terrain morphology, the research employed spatial analysis alongside both qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods. The results of the study underscore the central importance of terrain relief, which emerged as the most influential environmental factor shaping local ecological patterns. The diverse landforms not only dictate the distribution and composition of vegetation but also guide the configuration of natural watercourses and valleys. Despite covering only 17% of the total area, forested zones were identified as crucial ecological corridors that support biodiversity, enhance connectivity, and act as natural buffers against erosion and climate extremes. Additionally, the presence of natural streams and valley systems contributes to the functional integrity of the landscape and enriches its aesthetic value, making the region attractive for nature-based tourism and outdoor recreation. However, the analysis also identified significant environmental constraints. The prevalence of steep slopes and areas with low soil fertility poses notable challenges for agriculture and limits the potential for urban expansion. These physical limitations necessitate a cautious and well-informed approach to spatial planning, especially when it comes to balancing conservation goals with the socio-economic aspirations of local communities. To synthesize these findings, the study integrated a set of thematic maps with a 3D numerical terrain model (NTM), providing a multidimensional understanding of environmental interrelations. This integrative approach allowed for the identification of zones with high ecological value, areas susceptible to degradation, and locations suitable for specific forms of land use or protection. Ultimately, the research offers a practical and replicable methodology for regional planners, environmental managers, and policymakers aiming to develop sustainable land-use strategies. It demonstrates how environmental valorisation can support informed decision-making that reconciles ecological integrity with human development, particularly in regions with complex landscapes and environmental sensitivities.