This article is a part of the authors’ broader research on spatial management in Poland. Specifically, it addresses the problem of the procedures and practices of setting the planning fee on the basis of the legislation in force until 2023. The authors pay particular attention to cases of charging this fee following an increase in the value of real estate, as a consequence of changes in legislation or investment activities in a given area. In order to meet the research objective, the process of determining the planning fee was analysed on the basis of such practices over several decades. For this purpose, a detailed study of the subject literature was carried out, which included both book titles and scientific papers, as well as the interpretation of the law. The study highlighted the major role of correct and up-to-date planning documentation, both at the national and regional levels. It also identified the importance of the local spatial development plan and all the procedures for amending it. This publication consists of both analysis and research. This research resulted in a graphical presentation of many complex issues concerning spatial management in Poland, under both legal and economic aspects. It includes figures, such as a diagram of the stages of the procedure for setting the percentage rate by the municipal council, in the case of amending or adopting the local plan, the procedure for calculating the planning fee, the algorithm for increasing the value of real estate, and the procedure for refunding the planning fee. The paper also covers the issue of predicted changes in spatial policy.