The third issue, No. 3
Renata Papież 
Companies investing in real estate leasing or rental (finn) as Poland's reit – the concept of institutional change
Corresponding author
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/GLL/2020.3.7
The planned incorporation into the Polish legal system in the near future and, consequently, the introduction of Companies Investing in Real Estate Leasing or Rental (FINN) into the Polish capital market will result in an institutional change within the financial system. Similarly to closed-ended investment funds and real estate joint-stock companies, the FINN companies will specialize in investing capital in the residential real estate market, and later perhaps also in the commercial real estate market. The principles of FINN’s activities included in the legislative draft are modelled directly on the legal regime of the Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT), therefore, they will be subject to numerous prohibitions and limitations, introducing organizational controls and restrictions to the investments, which however is rationally justified. These procedures aim at creating an entity with a structure of a relatively neutral, passive real estate broker or intermediary, focused solely on generating benefits for investors-shareholders.
The initiation of the FINN market in Poland, and thus the scale of the ensuing institutional change, will be determined by the inclination of joint stock companies from the WIG-Nieruchomości index (Warsaw Stock Exchange Real Estate Index) to transform into FINN companies. In turn, this inclination will be determined by the conditions of institutional change – mostly of a legislative and market-driven character. With this in mind, the aim of this study is to conduct a preliminary analysis of the conditions of institutional change and present a forecast of the development potential of the WIG-Nieruchomości companies, which, due to their very similar scope and form of activity, constitute the main functional basis for the emergence of the FINN market as a new, separate segment of the capital market in Poland.
Keywords: Company Investing in Real Estate Leases • FINN • REIT • institutional economics • institutional change
Yahyaoui Habibi , Sami Guellouh , Abdelwahhab Filali , Razika Berchiche
Analysis of social resilience to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in Algeria
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/GLL/2020.3.19
This paper is an attempt to understand and overcome the peculiarity of the novel Coronavirus (Covid-19), described as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Covid-19 is spreading around the world, and particularly in Algeria, which announced the identification of the first case on the 26 February 2020. The number of confirmed cases is increasing day by day. Currently, we experience the spread of the word “resilience” in most diverse research areas and policy fields of modern society. Social resilience is the capacity of a social entity to proactively adapt to and recover from disturbances that are perceived within the social entity to fall outside the range of normal; this includes expected and unexpected disturbances. The main objective of this study is to contribute towards connecting the socio-economic vectors of this pandemic, and to integrate them into the GIS (Geographic Information System), in order to analyze the level of social resilience in Algeria. The analysis adopted the method known as the Hierarchical multi-criteria analysis (AHP), which defines the relative importance of each characteristics.
The findings of our research show that the factors of high unemployment and housing occupancy rates, high population density and the share of citizens aged over 60 directly influence the reduction in the level of social resilience to the novel coronavirus.
Keywords: WHO • GIS • coronavirus • Algeria • COVID-19 • social resilience
Karol Król
Impact of source code decompression (unminification process) on the map application performance
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/GLL/2020.3.31
Performance is the key usability attribute. Application performance is affected by its constituent components such as scripts, image files, and libraries. The objective of the paper is to analyse the impact of source code decompression on the performance of a map application. It focuses on two research questions. RQ1: what is the effect of source code decompression through unminification on the map application performance; and RQ2: does an application with a decompressed source code exhibit the primary (initial) performance? A prototype map application was developed to tackle the questions. Three application variants were prepared: 1) basic, 2) minified (compressed), and 3) decompressed (unminified source code). All three variants had their performance tested. The results were juxtaposed. New notions were introduced: primary performance, secondary performance, and code recycling. It was demonstrated that the secondary performance was a compromise between the primary performance and code clarity (readability).
Keywords: human-computer interaction • application design • code beautification • code recycling
Joanna Reczyńska
The prospect of introducing cadastral tax in the context of the history of real estate taxes in Poland
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/GLL/2020.3.43
For many years, debates on the change of the real estate tax system have been underway in Poland. The proposed reform would consist in the change from the currently binding method of calculating the amount of tax in relation to the real estate area to ad valorem taxation, in other words its property value. Although the law in force in Poland describes the cadastral tax definition and the methodology for its determination, there are no actions aimed at changing the tax system. A huge social reluctance resulting mainly from the belief that changes in the field of land taxes will be associated with an increase in fees cause stagnation at government level in making decision in this direction. However, the cadastral tax is not something new in Poland. It appeared, in various shapes, at many stages in the history of the Polish State.
The subject of the work is the historical analysis of land cadastre and real estate taxation in Poland. The aim of the article is to show the methodological complexity in property taxation, with particular emphasis on the systems of calculating taxation in relation to the value of owned goods appearing in the history of Polish taxes.
Keywords: real estate tax • cadastral tax • land tax history
Karol Król , Jozef Halva, Alexandra Pagáč Mokrá
Performance of map applications on mobile devices: case study
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/GLL/2020.3.55
Performance is one of the most important indicators of quality of software. It plays a significant role not only for business websites and apps, but in case of map components and applications, especially for mobile devices. The aim of the paper is to measure performance of map applications on mobile devices. The performance testing was run on a prototype of an interactive map component of the zoom-lens type using selected web applications. Speed Index (measurement unit) reached the value of 1601 milliseconds, and Performance Score obtained the highest possible value (100 units). A high value of Lighthouse Performance Score was also noted (98 units). Study showed that satisfying measurement results of indices in relation to the time of loading of the component in the browser window are associated with a small size of the component. In case of small components, which enhance the functionality of map websites and apps, it is recommended to compress all parts of the component, regardless of the results of the performance tests.
Keywords: website performance • website speed test • loading speed • conversion rate • quality indices
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